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Historical events
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date of update: 2024-08-31 12:39:31
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Description Year Month Day
Paul of Tarsus begins his third mission. 54
10
13
Apollos, a later assistant of Paul, is converted to Christianity in Ephesus. 54
10
13
The four Tetrarchs establish their capitals close to the Roman frontier: 293
3
1
Great fire of Rome: A fire begins in the merchant area of Rome and soon burns pletely out of control, while emperor Nero allegedly plays his lyre and sings as he watches the blaze from a safe distance. There is no hard evidence to support this claim: fires were very mon in Rome at the time. The fire destroys close to one-half of the city and it is officially blamed on the Christians, a small but growing religious movement. Nero is accused of being the arsonist by popular rumour. 64
7
19
In Rome, persecution of early Christians begins under Roman Emperor Nero. Saint Peter is among those executed. 64
7
19
Nero proposes a new urban planning program based the creation of buildings decorated with ornate porticos, the widening of the streets and the use of open spaces. This plan will not be applied until after his death in 68. 64
7
19
Lyon sends a large sum of money to Rome to aid in the reconstruction. However, during the winter of 64–65, Lyon suffers a catastrophic fire itself, and Nero reciprocates by sending money to Lyon. 64
7
19
Phoenicia bees part of Syria. 64
7
19
The Kushan sack the town of Taxila (in present-day Pakistan). 64
7
19
The year the First Epistle of Peter is traditionally believed to be written. 64
7
19
Seneca proclaims the equality of all men, including slaves. 64
7
19
Emperor Nero creates the legion I ''Italica''. 66
9
22
The Jewish Revolt (66–70 AD) mences against the Roman Empire. 66
9
22
The Zealots lay siege on Jerusalem and annihilate the Roman garrison (a cohort of Legio III). 66
9
22
The Sicarii capture the fortress of Masada overlooking the Dead Sea. 66
9
22
Cestius Gallus, legate of Syria, marches into Judea and leads a Roman army of 28,000 soldiers to put down the Jewish rebellion. Among the units are Legio III Gallica, Legio XII Fulminata and Legio XXII Primigenia. 66
9
22
November ndash Gallus succeeds in conquering Beit She'arim the new city , but is unable to take the Temple in Jerusalem. He retreats to the coast, but is surrounded at Beth-Horon and nearly wiped out by the Zealots. 66
9
22
Gallus arrives in Caesarea, with six thousand men and numerous standards, including the eagle of Legio XII. 66
9
22
The Roman Legion II ''Augusta'' is stationed at Gloucester. 66
9
22
Suetonius Paullinus bees a Roman Consul. 66
9
22
Baekje invades Silla in the Korean peninsula, and captures Castle Ugok. 66
9
22
The First Epistle to Timothy is written (approximate date). 66
9
22
Dioscorides writes his ''De Materia Medica'', a treatise on the methodical treatment of disease by use of medicine. 66
9
22
Halley's Comet is visible. 66
9
22
The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 68
6
8
Roman Emperor Nero mits suicide four miles outside Rome. He is deserted by the Praetorian Guard and then stabs himself in the throat. 68
6
9
Legio I ''Macriana liberatrix'' and Legio I ''Adiutrix'' are created. 68
6
9
Lucius Clodius Macer revolts against emperor Nero. 68
6
9
Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, father of Trajan, bees consul. 68
6
9
Trajan moves to Scythopolis and crosses the Jordan River with Legio X Fretensis. He lays siege to Jericho and destroys the monastery of Qumran, where the Dead Sea Scrolls are originated. 68
6
9
The Roman Senate declares Nero as a ''persona non grata''. In the line of succession, Galba follows Nero. 68
6
9
Winter ndash Titus sets up c at Jericho and the Romans cut off escape routes toward Jerusalem. 68
6
9
Venutius successfully deposes his wife Cartimandua and bees the ruler of the Brigantes. 68
6
9
An iron chain suspension bridge is constructed in China. 68
6
9
Buddhism officially arrives in China with the building of the White Horse Temple. 68
6
9
Ignatius of Antioch bees the third bishop of Antioch. 68
6
9
The Gospel of Mark is written (approximate date). 68
6
9
The Essenes place the Dead Sea Scrolls in the caves at Qumran. 68
6
9
The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuses to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebelled and proclaims Vitellius as emperor. 69
1
1
Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus is adopted by Galba and appointed to deputy Roman Emperor. 69
1
10
Galba and his adopted son Piso are murdered by the Praetorian Guard on the Roman Forum. 69
1
15
Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaims himself emperor, and reigns for three months before mitting suicide. 69
1
15
Marcus Trebellius Maximus, governor of Britannia, is forced the flee to Gaul after a mutiny of Legio XX ''Valeria Victrix'' at Deva Victrix (Chester). 69
1
15
First Battle of Bedriacum: Vitellius defeats Otho's legions Otho mits suicide. 69
4
14
After the Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius bees emperor. 69
4
17
Marcus Vettius Bolanus bees the new governor of Britain and faced a second insurrection of Venutius, king of the Brigantes. 69
4
17
Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as emperor. 69
7
1
Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under the leadership of Gaius Julius Civilis. 69
8
1
German warbands cross over to join the revolt and attack the fortress at Mainz. 69
8
1
The Batavians attack Roman forts on the Rhine frontier Fectio and Traiectum (modern Utrecht) are destroyed. 69
8
1
In Gallia Belgica ''cohors II Tungrorum'', raised from the inhabitants of Atuatuca Tungrorum in the north-west of the Ardennes Forest revolt against the Romans. 69
8
1
The Danubian legions of Raetia and Moesia proclaims Vespasian as emperor. 69
8
1
Second Battle of Bedriacum: Flavians under Antonius Primus defeat the Vitellians. 69
10
24
Vitellius is captured and murdered by the Gemonian stairs. Vespasian bees emperor. 69
12
22
Judea: The Jewish Revoltnbsp– Vespasian lays siege to Jerusalem, the city is captured the following year by his son Titus. 69
12
22
Josephus, Jewish rebel leader, is dragged before Vespasian and bees his historian. He prophesied him his elevation to the purple. 69
12
22
Legio I ''Macriana liberatrix'' is disbanded. 69
12
22
The Flavian dynasty starts. 69
12
22
Siege of Jerusalem: Titus surrounds the Jewish capital, with three legions (V ''Macedonica'', XII ''Fulminata'' and XV ''Apollinaris'') on the western side and a fourth (X ''Fretensis'') on the Mount of Olives to the east. He puts pressure on the food and water supplies of the inhabitants by allowing pilgrims to enter the city to celebrate Passover and then refusing them egress. 70
4
14
Titus opens a full-scale assault on Jerusalem, he concentrates his attack on the city's Third Wall (HaHoma HaShlishit) to the northwest. The Roman army tries to breach the wall using ''testudos'', mantlets, siege towers, and battering rams. 70
5
10
The Third Wall of Jerusalem collapses and the Jews withdraw from Bezetha to the Second Wall, where the defences are unorganized. 70
5
25
Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. The Jewish defenders retreats to the First Wall. The Romans built a circumvallation, all trees within fifteen kilometres of the city are cut down. 70
5
30
Titus storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Romans are drawn into street fighting with the Zealots. 70
7
20
A schism in Buddhism creates a new, popular religion in India, mahâyâna (Grand Vehicle). 96
9
18
Titus destroys the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem. Roman troops are stationed in Jerusalem and abolish the Jewish high priesthood and Sanhedrin. This bees known as the Fall of Jerusalem, a conclusive event in the First Jewish-Roman War (the Jewish Revolt), which began in 66 AD. Following this event, the Jewish religious leadership moves from Jerusalem to Jamnia (present day Yavne), and this date is mourned annually as the Jewish fast of Tisha B'Av. 70
8
4
Augustndash Titus assaults the Temple Mount and detroys Herod's Palace in the Upper City of Jerusalem. Jewish resistance ends on September 26. 70
8
4
Neapolis (present day Nablus) is founded in Iudaea Province. 70
8
4
Naval clashes on the Rhine during the Batavian Revo crew of a captured Roman flagship is imprisoned at Augusta Treverorum (modern Trier). 70
8
4
Roman legions V ''Alaudae'' and XV ''Primigenia'' are destroyed by the Batavi. Later, Quintus Petillius Cerialis puts down the Batavian rebellion of Gaius Julius Civilis. 70
8
4
Vespasian disbanded four Rhine legions (I ''Germanica'', IIII ''Macedonica'', XV ''Primigenia'' and XVI ''Gallica''), disgraced for having surrendered or lost their eagles during the revolt of Julius Civilis. 70
8
4
Later Roman Emperor Domitian marries Domitia Longina. 70
8
4
Romans make a punitive expedition against the Garamantes – they are forced to have an official relationship with the Roman Empire. 70
8
4
Annexation of the island of Samothrace by the Empire under Vespasian. 70
8
4
India sees the end of the Hellenistic dynasties. 70
8
4
Expedition by the Roman Septimius Flaccus to southern Egypt. He probably reaches Sudan. 70
8
4
Ze-Hakèlé (Zoscales in Greek) bees king of Aksum. 70
8
4
Avignon bees the seat of a bishopric. 70
8
4
Members of The Oneida Community, a now non-existent religious group formed in the Nineteenth Century, believed this was the year Jesus Christ returned. 70
8
4
Vespasian dies of fever from diarrhea, his last words on his deathbed are: '' I think I'm turning into a god. '' Titus succeeds his father as Roman emperor. 79
6
23
Mount Vesuvius erupts, destroying Pompeii, Herculaneum, Stabiae and Oplontis. The Roman fleet based at Misenum, manded by Pliny the Elder, evacuates refugees but he dies after inhaling volcanic fumes. 79
8
24
Emperor Titus dedicates the famous Roman Colosseum. 79
8
24
Chester is founded as a ''castrum'' or Roman fort with the name Deva Victrix. The fortress is built by Legio II Adiutrix and contains barracks, granaries, military baths and headquarters. 79
8
24
Gnaeus Julius Agricola enters Caledonia (modern Scotland) but is resisted by the Caledonians. 79
8
24
Agricola founds Mamucium, a frontier fort and settlement in the North West of England. This was the first Manchester, a distance to the east of Chester. 79
8
24
To please the Senate, Titus exiles his Jewish mistress, Berenice of Cilicia. 79
8
24
A mission of scholars canonizes the text of works of Confucius and his school. 79
8
24
Emperor Domitian is stabbed to death by a freedman at age 44 after a 15-year reign in a palace conspiracy involving officers of the Praetorian Guard. The Flavian dynasty ends. 96
9
18
Nerva is declared emperor by the Senate as the new ruler of the Roman Empire. He recalls citizens exiled by Domitian, this is the beginning of the Era of the Five Good Emperors. The Antonines dynasty starts. 96
9
18
Under Nerva, the Roman Senate regains much of the power usurped by Domitian. 96
9
18
Marcus Ulpius Traianus bees governor of Upper Germany. 96
9
18
Construction begins on the Forum of Nerva in Rome. 96
9
18
The Arch of Titus is pleted in Rome. 96
9
18
End of the period covered by Tacitus in his ''Histories''. 96
9
18
The Book of Revelation is written (traditional date). 96
9
18
Emperor Nerva recalls his general Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, age 44, from the German frontier and is forced by the Praetorian Guard to adopt him as his successor. 97
10
28
Tacitus advances to consulship. 97
10
28
The Roman colony of Cuicul is started in Numidia. 97
10
28
Nerva recognizes the Sanhedrin of Jamnia as an official governmental body of the Jews, and the patriarch or ''nasi'' is designated as the representative of the Jewish people in Rome. 97
10
28
Chinese general Ban Chao orders his lieutenant, Gan Ying, to establish regular relations with the Parthians. 97
10
28
Pope Evaristus succeeds Pope Clement I as the fifth pope (according to Catholic tradition none of the Popes until the mid second century is certain). 97
10
28